Online Abuse and Harrasment Preliminary Research

Attribution theory
Attribution theory is concerned with how ordinary people explain the causes of behavior and events. For example, is someone angry because they are bad-tempered or because something bad happened?
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Bot trolling/sockpuppet trolling
Bot accounts come in two flavors: automated accounts, which are controlled by a code or an app in order to impart a particular agenda, and individual accounts, which are set up by a single user with the intention of mimicking real users (known as “sockpuppet” accounts.
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Brigading
Organising a mass online action to harras one specific person or group of people Bullying 1. bullying is equated to the concept of harassment, which i.s a form of unprovoked aggression often directed repeatedly toward another individual or group of individuals. 2. Aggressive behavior that is intentional and that involves an imbalance of power. Most often, it is repeated over time. 3. bullying includes the intent to harm, repetition, and a power imbalance between the student targeted and the student who bullies.
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Coercion theory
Coercion Theory developed by Gerald Patterson and colleagues at the Oregon Social Learning Center (OSLC), describes how aggressive and antisocial behaviors develop in children. Derived from extensive behavioral research on the moment-to-moment interactions in families, it specifies how ineffectual parental responses to problem behavior result in escalating aversive and aggressive behaviors in children in the short-term. It also describes how frequent repetitions of such coercive cycles result in a progressive worsening of aggressive behaviors in both variety and intensity coincident with lack of parental control over the aggression.
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Concern trolling
hen harassers pose as fans or supporters of your work with the intention of making harmful or demeaning comments masked as constructive feedback. (According to Sarkeesian, “when targeting women, this is most often done through ‘helpful’ suggestions on how to improve one’s appearance. . . . The concern troll’s disingenuous comments are actually designed to undercut or demean you. Source | Back to top

Cyber-Mob Attacks
A cyber-mob attack occurs when a large group gathers online to try to collectively shame, harass, threaten, or discredit a target.
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Cyberbullying
An umbrella term (like “online harassment”) meant to encompass a number of harassing online behaviors. Like physical bullying, “cyberbulling” is generally aimed at young people and may involve threats, embarrassment, or humiliation in an online setting.
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Cyberstalking
In a legal context, “cyberstalking” is the prolonged use (a “course of conduct”) of online harassment intended “to kill, injure, harass, intimidate, or place under surveillance with intent to kill, injure, harass, or intimidate” a target.
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Dogpiling
When a group of trolls works together to overwhelm a target through a barrage of disingenuous questions, threats, slurs, insults, and other tactics meant to shame, silence, discredit, or drive a target offline.
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Doxing
Doxing, or doxxing, involves publishing someone’s sensitive personal information online in an attempt to harass, intimidate, extort, stalk, or steal the identity of a target. “Sensitive information” can include social security numbers, phone numbers, home addresses, personal photos, employment information, email addresses, and family members’ personal information.
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Impersonation (or, Impersonation Trolling) Online impersonation” is a strategy whereby harassers create hoax social media accounts, usually in order to post offensive or inflammatory statements in your name. In most cases, the harasser’s intention is to defame or discredit you, often by convincing others to believe the fake quotes attributed to you, which might then incite others to commit additional acts of harassment. Impersonation trolling can also happen when a harasser impersonates someone you know in order to offend or hurt you.
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Nonconsensual sharing
Intimate images and videos (such as “revenge porn”). By far the most common form of online harassment, hateful speech or threats, both explicit and implicit, can be issued by an ill-intentioned internet user pretty much anywhere on the web.
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Online Sexual Harassment
Online impersonation” is a strategy whereby harassers create hoax social media accounts, usually in order to post offensive or inflammatory statements in your name. In most cases, the harasser’s intention is to defame or discredit you, often by convincing others to believe the fake quotes attributed to you, which might then incite others to commit additional acts of harassment. Impersonation trolling can also happen when a harasser impersonates someone you know in order to offend or hurt you.
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Social Theory
It is a theory of learning process and social behavior which proposes that new behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others.
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Swatting
Swatting doesn’t take place online, but it is often the direct result of online harassment and doxing. It is also one of the most frightening examples of how online harassment can cross dangerously into one’s offline life. Swatting occurs when a hoax call is placed to law enforcement detailing a completely false but plausibly threatening event that the caller claims is taking place in a target’s home or business. | Back to top

Trolling
“Trolling” is one of those terms that’s evolved so much over time as to have no single agreed-upon meaning. Internet users use the word to denote everything from serious acts of online hate speech to the playful distribution of memes and comments on a friend’s social media page.
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